Impact of 475 degreesC Long-Term Ageing on CUSTOM 465® Alloy’s Microstructure

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This book explores the long-term ageing effects at 475 degreesC on the microstructure and properties of Custom 465(R) alloy. It covers the theoretical aspects of precipitation-hardened stainless steels, including the formation of reverted austenite and its impact on mechanical properties, along with the 475 degreesC embrittlement process in Fe-Cr steels. Experimental findings using TEM and XRD show that proper heat treatment leads to the precipitation of ?-Ni3Ti particles and a small amount of reverted austenite in tempered lath martensite. Extended ageing at 475 degreesC for 1000 and 2000 hours results in further precipitation and an increase in reverted austenite, which helps mitigate the hardening effect of the ??-Cr rich phase. The study demonstrates that while strength decreases with prolonged ageing, elongation and impact energy remain largely unaffected.