Faced with the indifference of society, the media and the state itself, this book presents discussions that refer to female imprisonment for drug trafficking from the perspective of feminist criminology. From this perspective, it focuses on considerations relating to the Theory of Penalty in Brazilian Criminal Law and presents how the custodial sentence is carried out in accordance with the Penal Execution Law (LEP). Likewise, it analyses the Criminal Drugs Policy based on Law 11.343/06 and discusses the causes of women's involvement in drug trafficking, emphasising the influence of emotional relationships. Finally, it deals with the daily life of incarcerated women, introducing Feminist Criminology to the prison segment. In this sense, Feminist Criminology contributes to building the citizenship of women in prison by giving visibility to this social problem through female empowerment and the emancipation of women in society. In short, taking into account the social peculiarities of gender within the prison system means that men and women can be subjected to equal and dignified penal treatment.