Why is Chaillot today the National Theatre of Dance? In order to answer this question, we must first recall the major trends in a sector that is in full effervescence and in constant evolution, that of the performing arts, to which the choreographic sector belongs. It will also be necessary to paint a portrait of a historic institution in transformation, the Theatre national de Chaillot, a concentration of issues that are easily identifiable elsewhere, in other institutions and other structures of the performing arts. Finally, it will be necessary to shed light on the problem of the change in the artistic project at Chaillot, to understand how it was able to take root and find meaning, materially and humanly.