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This title is printed to order. This book may have been self-published. If so, we cannot guarantee the quality of the content. In the main most books will have gone through the editing process however some may not. We therefore suggest that you be aware of this before ordering this book. If in doubt check either the author or publisher’s details as we are unable to accept any returns unless they are faulty. Please contact us if you have any questions.
For a successful root canal therapy, determining the length of root canals and limiting the obturation material till that length plays a very vital role. Amidst the existing limitations of the traditional methods to precisely determine the working length, the emergence of Electronic Apex Locators has made it hassle free and given more accuracy to define the apical limit for a clinicianThe apex of the root has specific resistance to electrical current and this is measured using a pair of electrodes typically hooked into the lip and attached to an endodontic file by the apex locatorVarious generations of apex locators have evolved based on changing principles of digitally measuring the flow of electric current across the circuit and various devices signaling this event by a beep, flashing light, digital readout or a buzz.
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This title is printed to order. This book may have been self-published. If so, we cannot guarantee the quality of the content. In the main most books will have gone through the editing process however some may not. We therefore suggest that you be aware of this before ordering this book. If in doubt check either the author or publisher’s details as we are unable to accept any returns unless they are faulty. Please contact us if you have any questions.
For a successful root canal therapy, determining the length of root canals and limiting the obturation material till that length plays a very vital role. Amidst the existing limitations of the traditional methods to precisely determine the working length, the emergence of Electronic Apex Locators has made it hassle free and given more accuracy to define the apical limit for a clinicianThe apex of the root has specific resistance to electrical current and this is measured using a pair of electrodes typically hooked into the lip and attached to an endodontic file by the apex locatorVarious generations of apex locators have evolved based on changing principles of digitally measuring the flow of electric current across the circuit and various devices signaling this event by a beep, flashing light, digital readout or a buzz.