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The fundamental work of A. Afanasiev is the logical conclusion of a series of his works on the history, literature, poetics, mythology, with the result that there was a conceptual look at the mythology, its origin and history. XIX century was a time of intensive study of Slavic mythology, at this time formed the tradition of reading the Slavic mythology from the perspective of naturmifologicheskoy school whose views shared by Afanasiev. Representatives of this school believed that mythology arose from human attempts to explain natural phenomena. The founder of the solar-meteorological school A. N. Afanasev proceeded from the fact that the myth is ancient poetry , tells the story of the life of nature in its daily and yearly transformations. Poet and creator of collective mythology was the people who did both the language and the myths.
From the point of view of the author mythology appeared in the sky with the deification of celestial natural phenomena, but then went down to the ground, taking the most bizarre shell, causing all sorts of narrative about what is happening in this world is full of images of all kinds of evil.
The author draws as material data from different areas: the epic of different peoples, stories, works of linguists, dialectology, draws attention to the legislation, provincial periodicals. Light, dark, heaven, earth; sun, storm, wind, rainbow, rain, evil dwarfs, witches, water, goblins, and other modifications of the good and bad elements - all analyzed by the author based on the data of science of his time. Thanks to the concept, methodology and attracting material the work was encyclopedic, which records all the possible ways of representing nature and the manifestation of the spirit of teamwork. Reprint edition of 1865 - 1869 years.
