Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Economics - Macro-economics, general, grade: 2, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, language: English, abstract: Introdu tion Tourism is among the world’s biggest industry (Eilat & Einav, 2004). It has a very big impa t on the e onomy and bring a lot of money for it. The tourism industry is sus eptible to sho ks, su h as terror atta ks or the in iden e of infe tious disease (Edmonds & Mak, 2006). In the 21st entury, tourism emerges as a signifi ant in ome generating se tor as well as weapon for growth and survival for various ountries. I sele t Enders and Sandler’s (2002) view of terrorism as the premeditated use or threat of use of extra-normal violen e or brutality by sub-national groups to obtain a politi al, religious, or ideologi al obje tive through intimidation of a huge audien e, usually not dire tly involved with the poli ymaking that the terrorists seek to influen e. Although the motives of terrorists may be very different, their a tions follow a standard pattern with terrorist in idents assuming a variety of forms: airplane hija kings, kidnappings, assassinations, threats, bombings, and sui ide atta ks. Terrorist atta ks are intended to apply suffi ient pressures to a government. Sin e 80s, s holars from diverse dis iplines are trying to examine the relationship between terrorism and tourism (Ri hter 1989; Ri hter and Waugh 1986), the e onomi impa ts of terrorism (Enders and Sandler 1991; Enders, Sandler and Parise 1992), impli ations for tourism marketing (Brady and Widdows 1988; D'Amore and Anuza 1986; Hollier 1991; Sonmez 1994). The number of e onomi s of terrorism studies has in reased dramati ally sin e 11 September 2001, where some 3,000 people died (Enders and Sandler, 2006), opening up a new dimension in terrorism, as well as a series of other terror atta ks between 2001 and 2003. In the last de ade a lot of ountries had terror atta ks, su h as Fran e (2012, 2015), US, Spain, the N
