Trees: The Mechanical Design

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Trees optimize their mechanical design by adaptive growth, and react with self-repair mechanisms to loads disturbing their optimum mechanical state. Both the rule of constant stresses and the rule of external load minimization dominate the formation of trees. Knowing these growth reaction s, the fate of a tree can be concluded from its outer shape and from its tree rings (saw cuts) which reveal the loads to which the tree has adapted. This book offers an understanding of the body language of trees.