International Trade

Foundations of International Trade Theory: Provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental theories of international trade, including comparative advantage, absolute advantage, and the Heckscher-Ohlin model. Discuss how these theories explain patterns of trade, specialization, and the benefits of trade between nations.

Trade Policy Instruments and Mechanisms: Explore the various tools and instruments used in trade policy, such as tariffs, quotas, subsidies, and trade barriers. Discuss their effects on domestic industries, international relations, and global trade dynamics. Analyze the role of trade agreements and organizations (e.g., WTO, regional trade agreements).

Economic Impact of Trade Policies: Examine the economic impact of trade policies on countries, including the effects on economic growth, employment, income distribution, and welfare. Discuss the implications of trade policies for different sectors of the economy and the potential for trade-induced economic development.

Global Trade Issues and Challenges: Address contemporary issues and challenges in international trade, including trade disputes, protectionism, trade wars, and the impact of globalization. Discuss the role of emerging economies, technological advancements, and geopolitical factors in shaping global trade patterns and policies.

Trade Policy and Sustainable Development: Explore the intersection of trade policy and sustainable development, including environmental concerns, labor standards, and social equity. Discuss how trade policies can promote or hinder sustainable practices and the role of international agreements in addressing environmental and social issues.