Neurosurgery refers to the surgical specialty that focuses on the surgical treatment of disorders affecting any part of the nervous system, which includes the spinal cord, brain and the peripheral nervous system. Neurosurgical care encompasses both pediatric and adult patients. There are several common neurosurgery procedures such as chiari decompression, lumbar puncture, anterior cervical discectomy, laminectomy, epilepsy neurosurgery and craniotomy. There is a higher risk of further infection and nerve damage in neurosurgery which can cause paralysis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetoencephalography (MEG), computer-assisted imaging computed tomography (CT), stereotactic radiosurgery, and positron emission tomography (PET) are neuroradiological methods used for diagnosing and treating neurological disorders. Functional MRI and intra-operative MRI are also used in some neurosurgery procedures. This book provides significant information to help develop a good understanding of neurosurgery. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. The book is appropriate for students seeking detailed information in this area as well as for experts.