On 13 February 2009, both the House and Senate passed the conference version of H.R. 1, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). The primary purposes of the ARRA focus on promoting economic recovery, assisting those most affected by the recession, improving economic efficiency by spurring technological advances in science and health, investing in infrastructure, and stabilising state and local government budgets. This book provides a brief overview of the key provisions of the ARRA including the agriculture, nutrition, and rural provisions; medicaid provisions; a summary and legislative history of the Act; and the estimated impact on employment and economic output as of September 2009.