Should public funds be used to support non-public education? Controversy over that question has raged since the early 19th century. In the 1990s, this debate centers on elementary and secondary school tuition vouchers, sometimes called ‘scholarships’, which feature numerous plans with varying levels of aid, but they all involve public funds being spent for non-public education. Voucher advocates claim that it’s only fair to include non-public schooling in public funding for elementary and secondary education, that vouchers will promote diversity, and that school ‘choice’ will improve the quality and effectiveness of education. But are these claims true? This book helps lawmakers, opinion leaders, and the public to understand that voucher proposals threaten religious freedom, an already overburdened economy, the democratic structure of American education, community interfaith harmony, and the core of American values.