The Real Economy of Zaire: The Contribution of Smuggling and Other Unofficial Activities to National Wealth

How do people survive in an African country where the economy is a disaster? MacGaffey takes the case of Zaire where the centre is increasingly held by the ‘second’ or informal economy and proposes that all economies should be assessed to include the activities of the second economy such as smuggling which occur on a large scale throughout the continent.

North America: University of Pennsylvania Press