The 16th-century French religious book project has many aspects, and many preoccupations, as the very varied papers that make up this collection make clear. At its core is the question that remains central to the concerns of all those who study Protestant and Catholic Reformations. What motivated the movements of mass activism of the 16th century that inspired and lay behind the three generations of turbulent religious agitation that followed the eruption of Luther’s movement in Germany? In addressing such questions, France makes a particularly interesting case study.