In the 1850s, Canada’s national museum was little more than a piece of legislation governing the Geological Survey of Canada’s small collection of First People’s artifacts in Montreal. Despite decades of wars and worldwide economic depression, funding and staff shortages, and a struggle for a permanent home, it has emerged as a renowned human history and cultural institution. This 150th anniversary history profiles the institution as well as the people who tirelessly championed it to ensure a lasting legacy for generations of Canadians.