The fragmentary fossil record of primates and hominids has generated fundamental, and often well publicised, differences of opinion about their evolution. The objective of this book, based upon a joint symposium of the Anatomical Society and Primate Society of Great Britain, is to present a review of the major problem areas, emphasising both neontology and palaeontology and aimed specifically to meet the requirements of students. For some issues, leading proponents of ‘rival’ schools present their viewpoint; for others, distinguished contributors have reviewed a particularly important or controversial problem, presenting non-partisan objective analysis. By including papers that adopt contrasting opinions towards the reconstruction of evolutionary relationships and by incorporating the interpretations of the fossil evidence, this volume provides a valuable synthesis of the thinking about primate and human palaeontology.