This volume focuses entirely on children and material culture. The contributors ask: what is the relationship between children and the material world?; is the material culture of children the same across all times and cultures, or does it vary?; and how can we access the actions and identities of children in the material records? The collection spans a period from the Palaeolithic to the late-20th century, and uses data from across Europe, Scandinavia, the Americas and Asia. The international contributors are from a range of disciplines including archaeology, cultural and biological anthropology, psychology and museum studies. All integrate theory and data to illustrate the significance and potential of studying children.