As the major national biracial women’s organization, the Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA) provided a unique venue for black and white women to respond to American race relations. Nancy Marie Robertson analyzes how women of both races employed different understandings of Christian sisterhood in their responses. Although the YWCA was segregated at the local level, African American women effectively challenged its racial policies and practices in both the South and the North. Robertson draws on YWCA records and personal accounts of women associated with the YWCA, including Anna Arnold Hedgeman, Alice Dunbar-Nelson, Dorothy Height, Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, and Katharine Du Pre Lumpkin. Nancy Marie Robertson is an associate professor of history and philanthropic studies at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, where she also directs the women’s studies program.