In the Louvre museum hangs a portrait of a middle-aged man and he is dressed in the starched white collar and black coat of the typical Dutch burgher. The painting…

Explores an episode in early intellectual history: the expulsion of the great philosopher Spinoza from his Portuguese-Jewish community in Amsterdam. Why was Spinoza excommunicated? This work investigates this question and…

From Pulitzer Prize-finalist Steven Nadler, an engaging guide to what Spinoza can teach us about life’s big questions.

In 1656, after being excommunicated from Amsterdam’s Portuguese-Jewish community for ‘abominable heresies’…

In this 2006 book, Nadler explains the doctrines and arguments of the Ethics and examines the philosophical background to Spinoza’s thought and the dialogues in which Spinoza was engaged. He…

Focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries - the extraordinary period of intellectual flourishing that begins, very roughly, with Descartes and his contemporaries and ends with Kant. This work is…

Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy presents a selection of the best current work in the history of early modern philosophy. It focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries-the extraordinary…

This volume surveys the history of Jewish philosophy from antiquity to the early modern period, with an emphasis on medieval Jewish thought. Unlike other reference works, this volume is organized…

An illustrious team of scholars offer a rich survey of the thought of Rene Descartes; of the development of his ideas by those who followed in his footsteps; and of…