This book presents a selection of texts devoted to two key issues in the thought of Albert Camus: absurdity and rebellion. The contributors are particularly interested in the problem of transition in the thought of the author of The Rebel from philosophical considerations over the absurd in the human condition to the attitude of rebellion. The monograph consists of three parts. The first analyzes the sources of Camus’s concept of rebellion, the problems of the absurd, and, more generally, the early thought of the author of The Outsider. Part two presents considerations on Camus’s rebellion from the perspective of contemporary humanities. And part three focuses on comparative studies and takes up the associations between Camus’s thought with, inter alia, Dostoyevsky, Kolakowski, and Iwaszkiewicz.