Communication management is one of the activities that most consumes the time and dedication of project managers, and is also considered an opportunity for improvement for many business organizations. The aim of this paper is therefore to present the main challenges faced by a project manager when creating and executing a communication plan for a project. In order to do this, the project management themes were studied according to the logic of the PMBOK(R) fourth edition guide and each set of best practices suggested by the guide were highlighted. The main positive and negative impacts inherent in communication were also addressed through bibliographical research. After consolidating the proposed plan, the challenges were compared according to the IPMA(R) competency logic, which revealed a total of 19 items that deserve the attention of project managers, 13 of which are technical in nature, 4 of which are contextual and 2 of which are behavioral.