Macnab’s Backache, Fourth Edition is an enhancement and update of Ian Macnab’s classic principles of spinal anatomy and pathology, which form the cornerstones of clinical evaluation and treatment of spinal disorders. This edition is geared to practitioners in a wide variety of specialties and emphasizes the initial evaluation and treatment of patients with back pain and/or sciatica. The book thoroughly describes and illustrates the pathoanatomy of various spinal disorders and its correlation with clinical symptoms. Also included are chapters on history taking, examination of the back, differential diagnosis of low back pain, pain management, and a new chapter on injections.